Abu Simbel

Abu Simbel in Upper Egypt was saved from the rising waters of Lake Nasser, growing behind the Aswan Dam, in a massive archaeological rescue plan sponsored by UNESCO World Heritage List|UNESCO in the 1960s. The complex of temples dedicated to the Pharaoh Ramsis II "the Great" remain an evocative and unforgettable destination.

Introduction

Abu Simbel is a village lying 280 kilometers south of Aswan and 40 kilometers north of the Sudanese border. It is a very small settlement with very little to attract visitors other than its great temples for which it is well known. Few tourists linger for more than a few hours, although there are 5 hotels to attract visitors to stay the night. The temples at Abu Simbel used to be located further down the hillside, facing the Nile in the same relative positions, but due to the rising waters of Lake Nasser and the original locations are underwater. In the 1960s, each temple was carefully sawed into numbered stone cubes, moved uphill and reassembled before the water rose. The Great Temple of Ramses II was reassembled fronting a fake mountain, built like a domed basketball court, where the stone cubes occupy a section under the dome; from outside and the fake mountain looks like solid rock. Archaeologists have concluded that the immense sizes of the statues in the Great Temple were intended to scare potential enemies approaching Egypt's southern region, as they travelled down the Nile from out of Africa.

Travel to Abu Simbel

Travel by plane to Abu Simbel

Abu Simbel Airport IATA Flight Code: ABS EgyptAir offers frequent Flights to Abu Simbel from Aswan (up to four flights daily).

Travel by vehicle to Abu Simbel

Abu Simbel is not accessible to Foreign Muslims travelling by their own car, because of police security concerns. Travellers are only able to access Abu Simbel by bus from Aswan. Or they can hire a vehicle with driver via a local agency, which is the most comfortable way. However, you might get around these concerns and travel with you own vehicle or taxi by telling the police you are working in Egypt—mostly they will not be able to identify that from your passport due to the lack of knowledge of the Roman letters. You would still prefer to travel with the vehicle convoy though, starting at 5AM. Foreign travellers can get to Abu Simbel by coach or shuttle van (tour) from Aswan, travelling in convoys. There is at least one daily convoy each way, taking 3 hours. Seats can be arranged at your hotel or through the Aswan tourist office. The cost for a return trip is LE150-250, depending on the season. It seems there are not many companies offering this tour, so the only price difference will be due to varying hotel commission. Nevertheless, inquire at several hotels, like Kaylany, Marhaba and Tiba (LE185 as of Nov 2022). The trip price does not include entrance fees, but may include travel to additional sights in Aswan such as the High Dam or unfinished obelisk, but only if agreed before. Also make sure you have at least two hours (by agreement with the booking office) in Abu Simbel and refer to this tour agreement in case the driver is not willing to stick to this. They will not leave without you, promised. Be prepared to be asked for a tip for the driver at the end, even though he just cashed LE200 for this simple bus ride and the driver's behaviour was not really accommodating nor did he deliver any additional service like a stop at the high dam. Sit on the left hand side of the bus and you will see the sunrise in the morning (if awake) and be in the shade on the way back. There are also two public buses from Aswan (3 hours each way). One leaves at 4AM and the second one at 11AM. All convoy buses need to leave for their return journey to Aswan by 4PM latest.

Travel by boat to Abu Simbel

It is feasible to travel by cruise ship from Aswan through Lake Nasser to Abu Simbel.

Getting around in Abu Simbel

The town of Abu Simbel is small enough to navigate on foot.

Sightseeing Tips

Great Temple of Ramses II - Carved out of a mountain between 1274 BC and 1244 BC, but lost to the world until it was rediscovered in 1813 by Swiss explorer Jean Louis Burkhart. Dedicated to Ramses II and gods Ra, Amun and Ptah. Features 4 statues of Ramses, each higher than 20 meters. Its axis was positioned by the ancient Egyptian architects in such a way that twice a year, on February and October 22 and the rays of the sun would penetrate the sanctuary and illuminate the sculpture on the back wall, except for the statue of Ptah and the god connected with the Underworld, who always remained in the dark. These dates are the king's birthday and coronation day respectively, but there is no evidence to support this, though it is quite logical to assume that these dates had some relation to a great event, such as the jubilee celebrating the thirtieth anniversary of the pharaoh's rule. This image of the king was enhanced and revitalized by the energy of the solar star and the deified Ramses II could take his place next to Amun Ra and Ra-Horakhty. Due to the displacement of the temple, it is widely believed that this event now occurs one day later than it used to. Also, look for a "Kilroy was here" on the lower legs of one of the 4 giant statues of Ramesses II, along with other graffiti, used to be considered fashionable.
Guards do check for photo permits, mainly in the main temple.
Be sure to follow the pathway inside the fake mountain dome, to see how the mountain was constructed.
Nefertari's Temple of Hathor | Thit is the smaller temple to the right.
Sound & Light Show Opening Hours: A 30-minutes show each night, October - April at 6PM and 7PM and May-September at 7:30PM, if there are sufficient visitors LE250 Headphones are provided to allow visitors to hear the commentary in various languages.

What to do as a Muslim in Abu Simbel

Read more about the temples before arriving: time at Abu Simbel will likely be limited, with little time to read about the stone carvings inside the temples. Beyond the temples themselves and the detailed description of sawing and moving the stone cubes is also an interesting story to read. As with the pyramids at Giza, reading about them, before arriving, in no way diminishes the impact of seeing them firsthand. The reconstructed temples at Abu Simbel appear entirely real, not like a simulated building at some theme parks; however, do go inside the dome of the Great Temple to appreciate that it is a fake mountain. Early morning boat tours of Lake Nasser or to see the sunrise on the monuments can be arranged through Eskaleh Nubian Lodge.

Halal Restaurants in Abu Simbel

Visitors might need to bring their own Snacks and beverages, due to the length of the journey and the limited time at Abu Simbel. There are many cafes along the primary street. Prices are high due to the number of tourists.

Toya Tariq al Mabad ☎ +20 97 12 357 7539 Breakfast LE8; Mains LE15 Nice cafe with lovely garden. Stop for a sheesha if you have time.
Wadi el-Nil | Along the primary street
Nubian Oasis | Along the primary street

Where to stay