Cubana de Aviación

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"Cubana" redirects here. For the nation, see Cuba

Template:For {{cautionbox Airline | airline=Cubana de Aviación | logo=Cubana Airlines logo.svg | logo_size=250 | fleet_size=14 | destinations=20 | company_slogan Puerta de Cuba al Mundo ({{lang-en|Cuba's Gateway to the World) | IATA=CU | ICAO=CUB | callsign=CUBANA | parent= Corporación de la Aviación Civil S.A. (corporation) | S.A. (CACSA) | founded=8 October 1929; Lua error: Cannot create process: proc_open(/dev/null): Failed to open stream: Operation not permitted (1929-10-08) | commenced= Template:Start date | headquarters=Havana, Cuba | key_people=Arturo Bada Álvarez (CEO) | hubs=<templatestyles src="nowrap/core.css"/>José Martí International Airport |focus_cities=Script error: No such module "list". | website=Script error: No such module "URL".


Cubana de Aviación S.A., commonly known as Cubana, is a national airline based in Cuba,[1] as well as the nation's largest airline.[2] It was founded in {{start date|1929|10, becoming one of the earliest airlines to emerge in Latin America.[3]{{rp|887 It has its corporate headquarters in Havana, and its main base is located at José Martí International Airport.Script error: No such module "Unsubst". Originally a subsidiary of Pan American World Airways and later a private company owned by Cuban investors, Cubana has been wholly owned by the Government of Cuba|Cuban government since May 1959 and celebrated its 80th anniversary in 2009.

Cubana was a founder and is a current member of the International Air Transport Association,[4] the SITA (IT company) | International Association of Aeronautical Telecommunications (SITA) and the International Association of Latin American Air Transportation (AITAL).[5]

Historical Facts about Cubana de Aviación

Template:Refimprove section

Main article: History of Cubana de Aviación

Early years to Cuban revolution

Bristol Britannia 318 CU-T670 Lima 04.72 - A Cubana Bristol Britannia 318 at Jorge Chávez International Airport in 1972. The carrier received the first of these aircraft in Template:Start date.[6]

The airline was established by Clement Melville Keys on {{date|1929-10-8 as Compañía Nacional Cubana de Aviación Curtiss S.A., initially as a flying school as well as a charter Air carrier|carrier, beginning scheduled services in 1930.[7][8] The airline's name indicated its association with the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company|Curtiss aircraft manufacturing company. Cubana's early fleet used Curtiss Robin, amphibian Sikorsky S-38, Ford Trimotor, and Lockheed Model 10 Electra|Lockheed Electra (L-10) aircraft. Pan American Airways|Pan American acquired Cubana in 1932,[9] and the word Curtiss was deleted from the carrier's name. By the end of the decade and the carrier had a fleet of four Ford Trimotors and three Lockheed Electras that operated on the domestic Havana–Camaguey, Havana–Guantanamo–Baracoa and Santiago de Cuba|Santiago–Baracoa routes.[10]

In 1944 and the first International Conference on Civil Aviation was convened, which later would lead to the creation of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Cuba was a participant in this conference and a founding member of ICAO. In April 1945 and the conference that created the International Air Transport Association (IATA) was held in Havana. Cubana became a founding member of IATA, and participated in the creation of that organization through its involvement with the Havana conference and the resulting accords. Both conferences and the organizations they spawned helped establish Cubana as an internationally recognized airline company.

In May 1945 Cubana started its first scheduled international Flights to Miami, using Douglas DC-3 aircraft, making the airline the first Latin American one to establish scheduled passenger services to this city. In April 1948, a transatlantic route was started between Havana and Madrid (via Bermuda and the Azores and Lisbon) using Douglas DC-4 aircraft. The Madrid route was extended to Rome in 1950. The new route to Europe made Cubana one of the earliest Latin American carriers to establish scheduled transatlantic service.

In 1953, Airwork Services|Airwork sold Cubana three Vickers Viscount variants|Viscount 755s in advance of delivery.[11] Cubana was also the first Latin American airline to operate jet-prop aircraft, starting in the mid-1950s with the Vickers Viscount (VV-755), which were put in service in its Miami and domestic routes, and later the Super Viscount (VV-818).

By {{start date|1953|3 and the carrier's fleet consisted of DC-3s and DC-4s.[12] A year later and the strength of the fleet was 11 —six DC-3s, three Lockheed Constellations, one Curtiss C-46 Commando|C-46 and one Stinson Aircraft Company|Stinson— while two Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation|Super Constellations were on order.[13] Upon delivery of the first of these aircraft, in late 1954 and the airline deployed it on the Mexico City–Madrid route.[14] Cubana transported more than 227,000 passenger in 1955, and by that year end it had 715 employees.[9] In {{start date|1957|5 and the airline ordered two Bristol Britannia|Bristol Britannia 318s, intended to serve New York and Spain.[15][16][17] An order for another two aircraft of the type was placed in mid-1958; the combined deal was worth === Currencies === 1 USD$ | 3.75 SR | 4.67 M$ | 0.92 Euro | 26.05 Turkish Lira | 35.80 THB | 14,990 IDR million.[15] Aimed at replacing the Douglas DC-7s on the Havana–New York route,[18] Cubana received the first of these aircraft in Template:Start date;[6] it was put in service on that route immediately after being phased in.[19]

Cuban revolution to 1980s

In May 1959, Cuba's revolutionary government decided to take over Cubana, expropriating all its investors. The private passenger airline Aerovías Q and private cargo carriers Cuba Aeropostal and Expreso Aéreo Interamericano, were then merged into Cubana, which was rebranded as Empresa Consolidada Cubana de Aviación and had an initial state investment of 80%; it started operations on Template:Start date.[20] The airline had expanded earlier that year its scheduled transatlantic services, adding Prague to its European route network that solely included Madrid.{{efn|There exists a discrepancy as to whether these flights started in {{start date|1961|2,[21][22] or {{MONTHNAME|4 the same year.[23]|group="nb" Having stopovers at Bermuda and the Azores and the route was flown with Bristol Britannia 318s.[23] Cubana later sold one of its Britannias to Czech Airlines|Czechoslovak Airlines (CSA) so that this carrier could start their own Prague–Havana flights.[24] Cubana trained CSA's personnel in the operation of the Britannias.[23] CSA's new service started in February 1962 initially flying the Prague–Manchester–Glasgow Prestwick Airport|Prestwick–Havana route, and then switching to the Prague–Shannon Airport|Shannon–Gander, Newfoundland and Labrador|Gander–Havana run.[25][26]

With the U.S. breaking relations (in 1961) and the imposition of the United States embargo against Cuba|U.S. embargo on Cuba (in 1962), Cubana was forced to cancel all its U.S. services and turned to the Soviet Union to obtain new aircraft. The first Soviet-built aircraft were delivered in the early 1960s (Ilyushin Il-14 and Ilyushin Il-18|Il-18), and were used in Cubana's domestic routes. Cubana thus became the first airline in the Americas at that time to operate Soviet-built aircraft. During the decade and the An-12 and the An-24s were also added to the fleet.[27] Cubana's cooperation made it feasible for Aeroflot to establish 18-hour non-stop scheduled services between Moscow and Havana in 1963, using Tupolev Tuesday - 114 jet-props, which were the longest non-stop flights in the world at that time. Cooperation with the East (German) airline Interflug also made it feasible for this carrier to establish its first scheduled transatlantic services, linking East Berlin with Havana.

At {{start date|1970|3 the number of employees was 1,971; at this time the carrier{{'s fleet consisted of {{cardinal to word|5 Antonov An-24Bs, {{cardinal to word|4 Bristol Britannia Series 310|Britannias 318s, {{cardinal to word|2 Curtiss C-46 Commando|C-46s, {{cardinal to word|4 DC-3s, {{cardinal to word|1 DC-4, {{cardinal to word|10 Ilyushin Il-14|Il-14s and {{cardinal to word|4 Ilyushin Il-18|Il-18s.[28]{{rp|480 Regular services to Peru, Chile, Panama, Guyana and several Caribbean destinations were started in the early and mid- 1970s. Cubana also began operating Tupolev Tuesday - 154, Ilyushin Il-76, Yakovlev Yak-40 and Yak-42 jets in the mid-1970s. These aircraft made it feasible to upgrade Cubana's domestic services and to expand or start new services to Central and South America, and to some Caribbean nations. Regular services to Canada were also started, as Cuba began to develop its tourism sector. Routes to Africa were started in the mid-1970s, serving Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Cabo Verde. Cubana subsequently ceded one of its Il-62M jets to Angola's national airline TAAG so that it could start its own Luanda -Havana flights, in cooperation with Cubana's services on that route. This allowed TAAG to start its own, first-ever transatlantic route. In the late 1970s Cubana started services to Iraq, becoming the first Latin American carrier to serve Asia, although these services were discontinued in the early 1980s.

1990s

Cubana Il-62M CU-T1259 YYZ 1994-6-12 - A Cubana Ilyushin Il-62M on short final to Toronto Pearson Airport in 1994.

At March 1990, Cubana had 5,658 employees and its fleet consisted of 12 Antonov An-24|An-24RVs, 26 Antonov An-26s, four Ilyushin Il-18|Il-18s, 11 Ilyushin Il-62Ms, two Ilyushin Il-76|Il-76Ds, eight Tupolev Tuesday - 154s (five Tuesday - 154B2s and three Tuesday - 154Ms) and 12 Yakovlev Yak-40s. At this time and the airline flew internationally to Barbados, Basle, Berlin, Bissau, Buenos Aires, Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown, Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston, Lima, Luanda, Madrid, Managua, Mexico City, Montreal, Panama City, Paris and Prague; it also served a domestic network consisting of Baracoa, Camaguey, Holguin, Nicaro, Nueva Gerona, Santiago de Cuba and Las Tunas (city) | Tunas.[29]

In the early 1990s, Cubana pursued a multi-faceted strategy to face the challenges posed by the end of the Socialist bloc and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This strategy targeted a restructuring of Cubana's fleet and the revamping of the airline's technical capabilities, and upgrading the quality of passenger services. After the early 1990s, spare parts for Cubana's Soviet-built aircraft became increasingly harder to source. Limited financial resources and lack of Western financing to replace these aircraft, coupled with restrictions imposed by the U.S. embargo on the sale of American-built aircraft and components (including engines and avionics), made it necessary to keep some of the airline's Soviet-built airplanes in service. Cubana had received its last three new Il-62Ms in late 1990 and early 1991 [along with two other (also new) similar aircraft in 1988 and 1989], and was able to keep them in service long after the Soviet Union's dissolution and the end of all Il-62 production in the mid-1990s. Cubana started leasing some Western aircraft (Airbus, Boeing) for limited periods of time in the mid-1990s, to help sustain its services to Europe, Canada and some Latin American destinations, given the rapid growth of Cuba's tourism sector.

2000s and onwards

In the early 2000s (decade) Cubana refurbished several of its Il-62Ms to use on some of its international routes (all but one of these aircraft were removed from service in 2011), and in 2004 it embarked on a long-term renovation programme. The strategy is based on the purchase of $100 million a year in new generation Russian-built aircraft until 2012.[30] In 2012 Cubana has completely renovated its fleet with new-generation Russian airliners. As part of its renovation strategy, Cubana has sought to upgrade its technical support capabilities. The airline established a joint venture company with Iberia Airlines of Spain in 2005, to maintain and overhaul Western-built aircraft, such as Airbus and Boeing.

In {{start date|2004|7 and the airline placed an order for two convertible Ilyushin Il-96-300s in a === Currencies === 1 USD$ | 3.75 SR | 4.67 M$ | 0.92 Euro | 26.05 Turkish Lira | 35.80 THB | 14,990 IDR million deal;[31][32] 85% of that price was financed by a loan from Roseximbank,[33] while Cuba's Aviaimport raised the money for the balance.[34] In {{start date|2005|12, Cubana received the first of these aircraft,[32][35] becoming the first client of the type beyond the Russian borders.[1] In {{start date|2006|4, Cuba signed another deal —worth === Currencies === 1 USD$ | 3.75 SR | 4.67 M$ | 0.92 Euro | 26.05 Turkish Lira | 35.80 THB | 14,990 IDR million this time— on behalf of Cubana for the purchase of another two Ilyushin Il-96-300|Il-96-300s and three Tupolev Tuesday - 204s.[36] Two of these Tupolev Tuesday - 204|Tuesday - 204s, one passenger and one cargo version, were handed over to the carrier in {{MONTHNAME|6 and {{start date|2007|8, respectively.[37][38] During the {{start date|2007|8 MAKS (air show) | MAKS Airshow Cubana signed a memorandum of understanding with Ilyushin Finance Company (IFC) for the purchase of another two Tuesday - 204s and three Antonov An-148s.[39] A Tuesday - 204 freighter was never delivered to the company due to financing problems.[40]

In {{start date|2012|7, Cubana de Aviación signed a contract with IFC for the delivery of {{cardinal to word|3 Antonov An-158 aircraft.[41] In {{start date|2013|2, Cubana signed a deal for the order of three 350-seater Ilyushin Il-96|Ilyushin Il-96-400s.[42] In {{MONTHNAME|4 the same year, Cubana received its first Antonov An-158;[2][43][44] Cubana received another {{cardinal to word|2 An-158s during Template:YEAR.[45] The delivery of the {{ordinal to word|3 example marked the signing of another contract for {{cardinal to word|3 more aircraft of the type, opened indelivery in Template:YEAR.[41] A {{ordinal to word|4 An-158 was delivered in Template:Start date; {{as of|2014|7|lc=yes, Antonov was to deliver to the airline a {{ordinal to word|5 aircraft of the type.[45]

Destinations

Main article: List of Cubana de Aviación destinations

Cubana operates Flights to over 20 destinations in Cuba, Europe and the Caribbean, North, Central and South America.

Codeshare agreements

Cubana de Aviación Codeshare agreement|codeshares with the following airlines:[46]

  • Aeroflot
  • Air Caraïbes
  • Avianca
  • Avianca El Salvador
  • Blue Panorama Airlines
  • Neos (airline) | Neos

Fleet

Cubana TU-204 - A Cubana Tuesday - 204|Tupolev 204 in 2007. Cubana - Antonov An-158 - A Cubana de Aviación Antonov An-158. The carrier received the first aircraft of the type in 2013.[2] Cubana Il-96-300 CU-T1254 DME February 2009 - A Cubana Ilyushin Il-96-300 at Domodedovo Airport in 2009. At February 2017 the airline operates five aircraft of the type.[47]

Current fleet

{{As of|2017|8, Cubana operates the following aircraft:[48][49]

Cubana fleet
Aircraft In service Orders Passengers Notes
C Y Total
Antonov An-158 6 — — 99 99[44] All grounded as of May 2023, due to technical issues.[50]
ATR 72-500 2[51] — TBA
ATR 72-600 — 2[51] TBA
Ilyushin Il-96-300 4[47] — 18 244 262[52]
Ilyushin Il-96-400 — 3[42] TBA
Tupolev Tuesday - 204-100 1 — 12 212 224[53]
Cargo fleet
Tupolev Tuesday - 204-100EC 2 — Cargo 1 Stored
Total 14 5

Former fleet

The airline operated the following aircraft all through its history:Script error: No such module "Unsubst". {{Div col

  • Antonov An-12[54]
  • Antonov An-24B[28]
  • Antonov An-24RV[7]
  • Antonov An-26
  • Antonov An-26B
  • Antonov An-30
  • Bristol Britannia Series 310|Bristol Britannia 318[6]
  • Douglas C-47A
  • Douglas C-47B
  • List of Douglas DC-4 variants|Douglas C-54A
  • Ilyushin Il-14[54]
  • Ilyushin Il-18[54]
  • Ilyushin Il-62
  • Ilyushin Il-62M[7]
  • Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation|L-1049[8]
  • Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation|L-1049E
  • Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation|L-1049G[8]
  • Tupolev Tuesday - 154B
  • Tupolev Tuesday - 154M
  • Vickers Viscount variants#Viscount 810|Vickers Viscount Series 810
  • Vickers Viscount variants#Viscount 700|Vickers Viscount 755[8]
  • Yakovlev Yak-40
  • Yakovlev Yak-40K
  • Yakovlev Yak-42D[7]

{{div col end

Accidents and incidents

{{Main|Cubana de Aviación accidents and incidents

See also

  • List of airlines of Cuba
  • Transport in Cuba

Notes

{{Notelist

References

{{reflist|refs= [44] [31] [42] [41] [2] [32] [1] [34] [26] [21] [25] [3] [20] [27] [54] [23] [28] [29] [7] [10] [12] [13] [14] [11] [9] [17] [16] [15] [8] [18] [19] [6] [22] [24] [39] [36] [38] [37] [35] [40] [30] [33] [45]

30em

External links

{{commons category inline|Cubana

  • Script error: No such module "Official website".Lua error: Cannot create process: proc_open(/dev/null): Failed to open stream: Operation not permitted


Category:Cubana de Aviación| Category:Airlines of Cuba Category:Government-owned airlines Category:Airlines established in 1929 Category:1929 establishments in Cuba Category:IATA members Category:Latin American and Caribbean Air Transport Association Category:Cuban brands

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 {{cite news Cuba Replaces Soviet-Era Passenger Aircraft |publisher=Airwise News |agency=Reuters Template:Date
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 {{flatlist
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 {{flatlist|
    • {{allow wrap|{{cite journal - Latin-American low fare challenge (page 886)
    |journal=Flight International Template:Date |pages=886–887 Web: |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/68cmDAC4W?url= https://e/view/1962/1962%20-%200888.html |archivedate=23 June 2012|accessdate=Template:Date |deadurl=yes |df=dmy
  4. ↑ Template:Cite web The International Air Transport Association History (The Founding of IATA)
  5. ↑ Template:Cite web Cubana is a founder and member of the International Association of Aeronautical Telecommunications (SITA) and of the International Association of Latin American Air Transportation (AITAL)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Template:Cite journalAir commerce – Cubana Britannias 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Template:Cite journal Directory: world airlines – Cubana de Aviacion 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 {{cite journal World Airline DirectoryTemplate:MdashCompania Cubana de Aviacion, S.A.Template:Spaced ndashCubana|journal= Flight (magazine) | Flight|volume= 73|number= 2569|date= Template:Date|page= 535 Web: |deadurl= yes|archiveurl= Web: al.com/pdfarchive/view/1958/1958%20-%200519.html|archivedate= 17 January 2015|df= dmy-all}} 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 {{cite journal World airline directoryTemplate:--Compania Cubana de Aviación S.A.Template:Spaced ndashCubana |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 {{cite journal Airline companies of the World – Cia. Nacional Cubana de Aviacion, S.A. |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight |volume=XXXV |number=1583 Template:Date
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 {{cite journal Airwork Viscounts sold |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 {{cite journal The World's Airlines...Template:NdashCompañía Cubana de Aviación, S.A. |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight {{date|1953-3-6 page=311 |format=PDF |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/68hLIkSMr?url= https://e/view/1953/1953%20-%200313 |archivedate=26 June 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 {{cite journal The World's Airlines...Template:NdashCompañia Cubana de Aviación, S.A. |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight {{date|1954-5-21 page=676 |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/68hLceRXN?url= https://e/view/1954/1954%20-%201519 |archivedate=26 June 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 {{cite journal Brevities |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight {{date|1954-12-3 page=816 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20140407090058/ https://e/view/1954/1954%20-%203225 |archivedate=7 April 2014 |accessdate=Template:Date
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 {{cite journal Brevities... |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight {{date|1958-8-15 page=246 |format=PDF |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20140407085706/ https://e/view/1958/1958-1-%20-%200242 |archivedate=7 April 2014 |accessdate=Template:Date
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 {{cite journal Brevities... |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 {{cite journal Civil aviation – Britannias for Cubana |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 {{cite journal Cubana's revolution |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 {{cite journal From all quarters |journal=Flight (magazine) | Flight Template:Date
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 {{cite journal World airline survey... – Empresa Consolidada Cubana de Aviación |journal=Flight International Template:Date
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 {{cite journal The World's airlines... – Compania Cubana de Aviacion SATemplate:--Cubana |journal=Flight International {{date|1962-4-12 page=560 |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/6DlYZP4EY?url= https://e/view/1962/1962%20-%200562 |archivedate=18 January 2013 |accessdate=Template:Date
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 {{cite journal Brevities |journal=Flight {{date|1961-7-6 page=27 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20140407090814/ https://e/view/1961/1961%20-%200927 |archivedate=7 April 2014 |accessdate=Template:Date
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 {{cite journal New CSA service to Havana |journal=Flight International {{date|1962-1-11 page=73 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20130130132703/ https://e/view/1962/1962%20-%200073 |archivedate=30 January 2013 |accessdate=Template:Date
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 {{cite journal Brevities |journal=Flight {{date|1961-11-23 page=797 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20121025053429/ https://e/view/1961/1961%20-%201693 |archivedate=25 October 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 {{cite journal The World's AirlinesTemplate:MdashCeskoslovenské AerolinieTemplate:NdashCSA |journal=Flight International {{date|1962-4-12 page=562 |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/68cqZmPUO?url= https://e/view/1962/1962%20-%200564 |archivedate=23 June 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 {{cite journal Air commerce... |journal=Flight International Template:Date
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 {{cite journal Air transport... |journal=Flight International Template:Date
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 {{flatlist Template:Endflatlist
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Template:Cite journal World airline directory–Cubana (Empresa Consolidada Cubana de Aviacion
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 {{cite news Russia expands a key aircraft market in Cuba |work=Reuters {{date|2007-8-6 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20120820014941/ https://euters.com/article/2007/08/06/cuba-russia-planes-idUKN0642909120070806 |archivedate=20 August 2022 |accessdate=Template:Date
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 {{cite news Cuba Il-96-300s {{date|2004-7-27 agency=Flight International |publisher=Flightglobal.com |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20160201074025/ https://ews/articles/cuba-il-96-300s-185164/ |archivedate=1 February 2016 |accessdate=Template:Date
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 {{cite news Cubana takes first VIP Ilyushin Il-96|first= Vladimir|last= Karnozov|location= Moscow|agency= Flight International|publisher= Flightglobal|date= Template:Date 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 {{cite news Russian loans for Cubana |agency=Airline Business |publisher=Flightglobal.com|Flightglobal {{date|2006-1-23 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20160201013533/ https://ews/articles/russian-loans-for-cubana-204328/ |archivedate=1 February 2016 |accessdate=Template:Date
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 {{cite news Cubana's Il-96-300 ready as VASO gets a boost {{date|2005-8-2 agency=Flight International |publisher=Flightglobal |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20150123111501/ https://ews/articles/cubanas-il-96-300-ready-as-vaso-gets-a-boost-200606/ |archivedate=23 January 2015 |accessdate=Template:Date
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Lua error: Cannot create process: proc_open(/dev/null): Failed to open stream: Operation not permitted 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 {{cite news Other News - 04/11/2006|publisher= Air Transport World|date= {{date|2006-4-12 Web: |archiveurl= Web: atwonline.com/aircraftenginescomponents/news/other-news-04112006-0309-1|archivedate= 17 January 2013|dead-url= yes|accessdate= Template:Date
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 {{cite news Pictures: First Tupolev Tuesday - 204 for Cubana prepared for delivery |first=Vladimir |last=Karnozov |location=London |publisher=Flightglobal.com {{date|2007-6-12 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20111210201044/ https://ews/articles/pictures-first-tupolev-tu-204-for-cubana-prepared-for-delivery-214570/ |archivedate=10 December 2011 |accessdate=Template:Date
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 {{cite news PICTURE: Cubana takes delivery of first Tuesday - 204 freighter |location=London |publisher=Flightglobal.com {{date|2007-8-3 |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20160201175820/ https://ews/articles/picture-cubana-takes-delivery-of-first-tu-204-freighter-215930/ |archivedate=1 February 2016 |accessdate=Template:Date
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 {{cite news MAKS: Atlant-Soyuz client for four 737-700s; Ilyushin sells 96 more aircraft |first=Brian |last=Straus |publisher=Air Transport World {{date|2007-8-24 |archiveurl= https://ebcitation.org/6AmCAtXL6?url=https://e.com/aircraftenginescomponents/news/maks-atlant-soyuz-client-four-737-700s-ilyushin-sells-96-more-aircr |archivedate=18 September 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 {{cite news Russia delivers, barely {{date|2009-2-2 agency=Flight International |publisher=Flightglobal |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20130401191313/ https://ews/articles/russia-delivers-barely-321879/ |archivedate=1 April 2013 |accessdate=Template:Date
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 {{cite news Cubana de Aviacion получила третий самолет АН-158|language= Ukrainian|trans-title=Cubana de Aviacion received a third An-158|work= ДЕЛО|date= Template:Date 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 {{cite news Cubana buys Antonov An-158 and Il-96-400s |first=Rob |last=Vogelaar |agency=Ria Novosti |publisher=AviationNews.eu Template:Date
  43. ↑ {{cite news "Антонов" передал второй Ан-158 на Кубу |language=Russian |trans-title=Antonov handed over the second An-158 to Cuba |newspaper=www.unian.net Template:Date
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 44.2 {{cite news Antonov Enterprise passes second regional An-158 aircraft to Cubana de Aviacion |publisher=Interfax Europe Template:Date
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 {{cite news Украина отправит на Кубу уже пятый Ан-158|language= Ukrainian|trans-title=Ukraine to deliver the fifth An-158 to Cuba|work= Телеграф|date= Template:Date 
  46. ↑ Template:Cite web Profile on Cubana de Aviacion
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 {{cite news Russian manufacturer to modernize the Ilyushin Il-96|first= Polina|last= Montag-Girmes|publisher= Air Transport World|date= 10 February 2017 Web: |archive-url= Web: atwonline.com/manufacturers/russian-manufacturer-modernize-ilyushin-il-96|archive-date= 11 February 2017}}
  48. ↑ Template:Cite journal Global Airline Guide 2017 (Part One)
  49. ↑ Lua error: Cannot create process: proc_open(/dev/null): Failed to open stream: Operation not permitted
  50. ↑ https://erald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/cuba/article211426019.html
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Template:Cite web Cuban Aviation buys two new ATR 72-600
  52. ↑ {{cite webAntonov AN-24D |publisher=Cubana de Aviación |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20121105194710/ https://e/?article=Il-96 |archivedate=5 November 2012 |accessdate=Template:Date
  53. ↑ {{cite web Tupolev TU-204 CE |publisher=Cubana de Aviación |archiveurl=https://eb.archive.org/web/20130212052148/ https://e/?article=TU-204 |archivedate=12 February 2013 |accessdate=Template:Date
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 {{cite magazine World airline survey – Empresa Consolidada Cubana de Aviacion|journal= Flight International|volume= 91|number= 3031|date= Template:Date 
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