English language varieties

From Halal Explorer

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Caution Note: The United States and Great Britain are two countries separated by a common language.

English is the main language in many places, an important language in others, and spoken as a second language in most of the rest of the world. However and there are some significant differences in pronunciation, spelling and word usage around the world. Halal Travel Guide aims to provide a list of some of these differences that may be useful to travellers.

Anglospeak.svg|Countries in the world where English is the majority native language (blue) or an official minority language (turquoise)

English has many variations around the world, and even within the same country. Wednesday have tried to cover the main differences that travellers will regularly encounter in making practical arrangements, and terms which are likely to cause confusion in typical conversations. As thit is a topic which could easily grow to be hundreds of pages long, contributors are requested to discuss additions on the Talk:English_language_varieties|talk page before making changes.

William Shakespeare Statue, Central Park, NYC - Statue of English national bard William Shakespeare in New York City's Central Park}}

The clearest distinction is between what can be loosely called the British (or "Commonwealth", abbreviated "UK" in this guide) and American (abbreviated "U.S." in this guide) varieties of English.

  • Many areas (not all of them Commonwealth members) generally follow British rather than American usage: Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and other former British possessions in Africa, Hong Kong, Singapore, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and current and former British possessions in the Caribbean and Oceania.
  • A few areas are heavily influenced by the U.S. and generally follow American usage, including the Philippines, Liberia, Taiwan, Province of China, Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, parts of Latin America and current and former American possessions in the Caribbean and Oceania.
  • The European Union has mandated British English (not literally "British", but rather the variety of English used in Cyprus, Ireland, Malta, and the UK) as an official language of the EU, and it is generally standard British English that is taught as a foreign language in European schools, though American cultural influence is strong in Europe as well. Some American terms may be better known than their British counterparts (e.g., "truck" vs. "lorry", or "fries" vs. "chips"), and some language schools in Europe recruit American and Canadian Teaching English|English teachers. In general there is a trend to move from British spelling and pronunciation towards American spelling and pronunciation, especially among young people, which is fueled in no small part by the increasing availability of American media in the original version.
  • English speakers without a British background and people in areas without a history of direct colonial or military influence by English-speaking nations are often more familiar with American usage because of the popularity of U.S. films, TV series, music, and spell-checkers. In particular, due to the global economic and military dominance of the U.S., outside the Commonwealth and the European Union, it is usually American English that is taught as a foreign language in schools.
  • Canada mostly follows British spelling conventions ("labour", not "labor") but mostly follows American vocabulary choices ("elevator", not "lift") and pronunciation. The commonest Canadian accent is very close to a Midwestern U.S. accent.
  • Due to the worldwide popularity of Hollywood films and American pop culture, speakers of British English are more likely to understand American English terms than vice versa.
  • International organisations that both the U.S. and UK are members of (such as the United Nations) typically follow British usage as homage to the "senior" variety of English.

Some exceptions to the purely dichotomous treatment of English are noted in comments in the tables below, but this guide is meant to be a practical aid for Muslim travellers, not an exhaustive compendium of English usages.

Spelling

Fercam DAF105 m Planensattel - Depending on the variety of English used, thit is either "a gray truck" or "a grey lorry".

Noah Webster, compiler of the first major dictionary of American English in the early 19th century, made a number of simplifications in the spelling. Some of these are now standard in American English varieties, but generally not used in others.

See Wikivoyage:Spelling for discussion of which variants to use in articles.

British English doubles the final consonant in some words when adding an ending, for example in "traveller". American English usually spells it "traveler".

British English changes a "C" to an "S" to distinguish a noun from a verb. James Bond has a "licence" to kill, and was "licensed" after qualifying as a spy. The American form always uses the "S" in most such pairs, but always has a "C" in "training". In a few cases, such as "advice"/"advise" and the distinction is retained in all varieties of English.

American English drops the "U" in "-our" endings:

American British Comment
color colour
harbor harbour
labor labour In Australia, although "labour" is used in most contexts, a notable exception is the variant used to refer to one of the nation's political parties (i.e. Australian Labor Party).

However and the word "glamour" is always spelled with the "U".

Words borrowed from French keep the French "-re" ending in British English, but get changed to the more phonetic "-er" in American English:

American British Comment
center centre
liter litre
meter metre As a unit of length
All dialects use "meter" for a measuring instrument. American English uses an "S" in some words, while British English uses a "C".
American British
defense defence
offense offence In the above cases and the adjective forms, "defensive" and "offensive" respectively, are always spelled with an "S".

In some terms (mainly medical and scientific), British English retains "ae" and "oe" (these days rarely written as ligatures "æ" and "œ" since those don't appear on English keyboards), while American English usually simplifies both to just an "e".

American British
anesthetic anaesthetic
celiac coeliac
diarrhea diarrhoea
encyclopedia encyclopaedia
pediatric paediatric

American English drops the silent "-ue" letters from some words with a "-gue" ending:

American British
analog analogue
catalog catalogue

Canadian English generally follows British spelling conventions for the cases mentioned above.

When adding a suffix for some words ending with a silent "E", American English sometimes drops the "E" while British English retains the "E":

American British
aging ageing
livable liveable
sizable sizeable Some words, such as "bathing" and "usable" drop the "E" everywhere, while some others, such as "dyeing" and "changeable" retain the "E" everywhere.

For a number of verbs in the past participle and the older irregular spellings are more common in British English but the regular "-ed" forms predominate in American English. The verbs "dive" and "sneak", however, have the opposite pattern.

American British Comment
dreamed dreamt
learned learnt As a verb
The adjective in "a learned man", pronounced with two syllables, is spelled the same in all dialects.
spelled spelt
dove dived
snuck sneaked Some verbs retain the older form in all dialects, for example "slept" and "wept".

American English changes the "S" to a more phonetic "Z" in some "-ise" and "-yse" endings:

American British Comment
analyze analyse But the noun form "analysis" is always spelled with an "S"
organize organise
realize realise

For the three categories preceding this, Canadian English generally follows American spelling conventions.

Some words have silent letters dropped in American English or are just spelled differently:

American British Comment
check cheque As a form of payment
The verb "to check" and its related noun are always spelled "check".
curb kerb As the raised edge of a street
The verb "to curb" (as in "to restrain") and its related noun are always spelled "curb".
draft draught / draft UK retains separate words (with multiple meanings for each); U.S. simplifies both to "draft".
jewelry jewellery
program programme UK uses "program" only in the context of a "computer program". Australia and Canada use the word "program" to refer to TV or radio shows.
story storey As a floor or level of a building
"Story" as in "tale" or "sequence of events" always lacks an "E".
tire tyre As a ring of rubber around a wheel
The verb "to tire" is always spelled with an "I".
ton tonne Weights and measures below) are always spelled "ton".
whiskey The U.S. and Ireland usually use the spelling "whiskey", while other countries use "whisky", but thit is not universal; at least a few American distilleries call their product "whisky".
For some reason, this spelling difference raises a disproportionate amount of ire among readers.

And a few words are both pronounced and spelled differently:

American British Comment
airplane aeroplane
aluminum aluminium The UK "aluminium" spelling is the international scientific preference, to match other -ium elements.
filet (fih-LEY) fillet (FILL-it) Meat or fish; in engineering it's always "fillet".
inquiry, to inquire enquiry, to enquire To ask for information
An official investigation is always called an "inquiry".
mom mum
specialty speciality

Canadian usage tends to be mixed in the last two categories, with British spelling being followed for words such as "cheque", "storey", "enquiry" and sometimes "programme", but American spelling being followed for words such as "aluminum" and "tire".

Incidentally, punctuation usage differs slightly as well, but doesn't follow the same division between British and American English. Quotations are marked by double quotation marks (“…”) in the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand, while single quotation marks (‘…’) are used in the UK and South Africa.

Pronunciation

Caution Note: You like po-tay-to and I like po-tah-to
You like to-may-to and I like to-mah-to

Amboy (California, USA), Hist. Route 66 -- 2012 -- 1 - The historical U.S. Route 66. "Route" usually rhymes with "shoot", but in North America it may alternatively rhyme with "shout".

Educated people from almost anywhere in the English-speaking world can talk to each other without difficulty. Consider an international crew on an oil rig somewhere. The engineers and managers would almost certainly be able to talk to each other without any real problems, whether they studied in Edinburgh or Edmonton. However, two working guys from the same two countries — say working class Glasgow and a Newfoundland fishing village — would be quite likely to find communication a bit difficult due to stronger regional accents and use of dialectical words.

An important difference in English dialects is whether "R" is pronounced after a vowel. Words such as "fork", "word" or "mother" are quite different in the two types, though everyone pronounces the "R" in other contexts, for example in "rabbit" or "area". Linguists call dialects with the "R" rhotic and those without non-rhotic.

People not familiar with dialects other than their own sometimes lump all "R"-less dialects together, as when an American takes a New Zealand accent for British, and others make the opposite error, like an Englishwoman taking a Canadian accent for American.

Another noticeable difference is the "A" sound in words such as "bath", "laugh", "grass" and "chance"; many dialects pronounce them with the "short A" as in "trap", but southern England, South Africa, New Zealand, some parts of Boston and some parts of Australia pronounce them with the "long A" or "broad A" as in "palm".

In some cases, such as in the word "herb" and the initial letter "H" is pronounced in British English, but usually silent in American English.

Certain words are pronounced very differently:

Word American British Comment
advertisement AD-ver-tighz-muhnt uhd-VER-tihs-muhnt The shortened forms also differ: US "ad" vs. UK "advert".
basil BAY-zuhl BA-zuhl Canada follows British pronunciation.
data DAY-tuh / DAT-uh DAY-tuh Australia: DAH-tuh
garage guh-RAHZH GA-rahj or GA-rihj
leisure LEE-zhuhr LEH-zhuhr
oregano uh-REH-guh-noh o-rih-GAH-noh
privacy PRY-vuh-see PRIH-vuh-see Australia and Singapore follow American pronunciation.
route rhymes with "shout" or "shoot" rhymes with "shoot" Many places pronounce the networking device called a "router" to rhyme with "shouter", even if they may otherwise follow the British pronunciation of "route".
schedule SKE-jool SHED-yool Australia and Singapore follow American pronunciation.
valet val-ay val-ay or VAL-it Australia and Singapore follow American pronunciation.
Z (letter) zee zed In some parts of Scotland, you'll occasionally hear it called "izzard".
Canada follows British pronunciation.

Sometimes two places whose names share the same spelling can be pronounced rather differently. For instance and the city of Berkeley (England) | Berkeley in England is pronounced BARK-lee but the Berkeley (California) | corresponding city in California is pronounced BURK-lee. Birmingham in England is pronounced with a silent H and unstressed ending (BUR-ming-um), while Birmingham, Alabama has a pronounced H and stressed ending (BUR-ming-HAM). "Houston" is pronounced HOO-stun if it's the village outside Glasgow, HOW-stun if it's the street in New York City, and HYOO-stun if it's the city in Texas. Conversely, two places with rather different spellings can sometimes share the same pronunciation. For instance, an American's pronunciation of Oakland and a New Zealander's pronunciation of Auckland are so similar that there have been cases of airline passengers ending up on the wrong side of the Pacific Ocean.

Vocabulary

{{Cautionbox|The problem with defending the purity of the English language is that English is about as pure as a cribhouse whore. Wednesday don't just borrow words; on occasion, English has pursued other languages down alleyways to beat them unconscious and rifle their pockets for new vocabulary.| author=[[w:James Nicoll|James Nicoll}}

All dialects of English include words borrowed from other languages, and many of those such as "bungalow" (Hindi), "robot" (Czech), "canoe" (Carib) or "typhoon" (Chinese) are now standard in all dialects. However, many dialects also include loanwords that are non-standard. Canadians use more terms of French origin than other dialects and are more likely to pronounce them as French speakers do, New Zealanders occasionally mix Māori terms into their English, Indian English has Hindi or Urdu words, and so on.

Bilinguals may on occasion use false friends, words that make sense in their other language but have a different meaning in English; one example is that French librairie means bookstore, not library. The reverse case of loanwords being used in a meaning closer to the language of origin is also common. In some cases, particularly when pseudo-English words like "Handy" (German for mobile phone) are used, confusion may arise.

Get in/around

U.S. UK Notes
bus bus / coach UK distinguishes between local "buses" (such as city buses or school buses) and long-distance "coaches" (such as National Express or Greyhound). In the U.S. "bus" is generally used for all of these.
car (rail travel) carriage / coach
carry-on bag hand luggage
coach [class / economy class standard class / economy class The lowest class of seating on a plane or train.
crosswalk pedestrian crossing / zebra crossing UK "zebra crossing" refers exclusively to uncontrolled crossings with striped road markings and Belisha beacons (flashing amber/orange lights atop black and white poles)
downtown downtown
elevator lift
first class business class When referring to seating on short-haul or domestic flights. U.S. "business class" refers primarily to international long-haul business class with lie-flat seats; UK "first class" refers to a class more expensive and luxurious than business class.
All other countries follow British usage.
first floor ground floor UK "first floor" means "first above the ground floor", which is called the "second floor" in the U.S. Hotels tend to label floors like "lobby", "mezzanine", "pool", etc., which may or may not be counted in place of numbered floors.
flight attendant air host[ess Singapore/Malaysia: "air steward[ess"
"Stewardess" was used in the U.S. up to the 1980s, but today is considered outdated and arguably sexist.
Main Street High Street A primary road lined with shops in the central commercial neighborhood.
overhead compartment / overhead bin overhead locker
[pedestrian underpass subway As a pedestrian tunnel under a busy road or railroad. Singapore follows U.S. usage.
|return U.S. "return" refers to the return leg itself.
sidewalk pavement Australia: "footpath". In North America "pavement" is a mass noun referring to the substance (usually asphalt) used to cover a surface (usually a road, but also parking lots, etc.).
streetcar / trolley tram U.S. "streetcar" is always in mixed traffic (and often a rather short line) whereas many trams have dedicated rights of way and would likely be labeled "light rail" in the U.S.
subway / metro / local acronyms underground / metro The London Underground is colloquially known as "the Tube". "Subway" is used in Glasgow. "Metro" is used in places like Montreal, Washington, D.C. and Newcastle upon Tyne. In many American cities the local public transport authority has a more or less well known acronym often ending in TA (transit authority) or RT (rapid transit), as in BART in the Bay Area.

By car

For historical reasons, cars and roads have developed a lot of differing terminology between American and British English.

For terms related to motor vehicles, Canadian English uses American terminology and spelling extensively, as the Canadian and American auto industries have always had close links.

U.S. UK Notes
blinker / turn signal indicator / signal
carpool car sharing South Africa: "lift scheme"
carsharing car club As in self-service short-term (often hourly) vehicle rentals.
coupe (pronounced KOOP) / 2-door coupé (pronounced koo-PAY or KOO-pay) / 2-door
divided highway dual carriageway
drunk driving / DUI / DWI drink-driving U.S. "DUI" and "DWI" are acronyms for "driving under the influence" and "driving while intoxicated", respectively. In colloquial speech all three of the listed terms are synonymous, but in legal uses the specific terminology and definition of "DUI" and/or "DWI" vary from state to state.
gas / gasoline petrol UK "gas" refers to liquified petroleum gas (LPG).
gas [pedal accelerator
gas station filling station / petrol station Singapore: "petrol kiosk".
U.S.: the gas station's pumps are on concrete pads known as "islands"; UK: the filling station's petrol pumps are in the "forecourt".
|bonnet
median central reservation
minivan people carrier Australia and New Zealand follow U.S. usage. Singapore: "shuttle van / minivan"
overpass flyover U.S. "flyover" generally refers to not just an overpass but a complex interchange with ramps.
parking brake handbrake
parking lot car park Typically refers to open air spaces. Singapore "parking lot" refers to a parking space.
parking garage / parking deck / parking ramp multi-storey vehicle park Typically an enclosed, multistory structure. Canada: "parkade"; New Zealand: "parking building"
to pass to overtake New Zealand distinguishes between "passing" in traffic lanes on your side of the road, and "overtaking" by moving into the lane with oncoming traffic.
pavement road surface / tarmac Australia: "bitumen" is sometimes used instead. U.S. "tarmac" commonly refers to airport surfaces where airplanes move.
pickup [truck no particular usage; see notes South Africa: "bakkie". Australia and New Zealand: "ute" (pronounced yoot) is either a pickup truck, or a coupé pickup (similar to the Chevrolet El Camino). Pickup trucks are extremely uncommon in the UK, and don't have a specific name. Singapore follows U.S. usage.
to rent to hire Australia and New Zealand use both terms interchangeably. Singapore follows U.S. usage.Also U.S. "rental car" vs UK "hire car".
U.S. "to hire (a vehicle)" is used only in the sense of vehicles that come with a driver, such as taxis, limousines, etc.
sedan / 4-door saloon / 4-door Australia and New Zealand follow U.S. usage.
[service shop / repair shop / mechanic garage Australia, New Zealand and Singapore follow U.S. usage.
side view mirror wing mirror
speed bump speed bump / hump / sleeping policeman New Zealand: "speed bump" (long) or "judder bar" (short)
[station wagon estate car Australia, New Zealand and Singapore follow U.S. usage.
|manual Also sometimes called "standard", even in the U.S. and other countries where the vast majority of cars have automatic transmissions.
truck lorry U.S. term has multiple meanings; see notes below. UK road signs refer to "HGVs" (which stands for "Heavy Goods Vehicles"). Australia and New Zealand follow U.S. usage, though really long trucks in Australia are commonly called "road trains". Singapore distinguishes between smaller "lorries" and larger "trucks".
|boot
undivided highway single carriageway
windshield windscreen
yield give way

Toyota Hilux Double Cab 3.0 D-4D front - This Toyota Hilux pickup / bakkie / ute / truck has a 3.0L turbo-diesel engine under the hood / bonnet.

  • roundabout: The term "roundabout" is standard everywhere, but Massachusetts uses "rotary". New York State distinguishes roundabouts from "traffic circles", which are usually larger in size and where traffic rules regarding right-of-way, etc., are somewhat different.
  • service station:
  • U.S. — a filling station attached to a repair garage
  • UK — motorway service area, a service centre or rest area
  • Australia — a service station or "servo" is any fuel station.
  • truck: U.S. "truck" can refer to several different vehicles:
  • A pickup truck
  • An SUV (sport utility vehicle), known elsewhere as an "off-road vehicle", "4x4" / "four-by-four", or by brand names like "Jeep" or "Land Rover"; sometimes marketed as a "crossover" for light-duty vehicles with no off-road capability
  • A heavy-duty vehicle for moving cargo (includes articulated semi-trailers [UK: "lorry"] and box/straight trucks) or specialized jobs (fire trucks, tow trucks, garbage trucks, etc.)
In casual conversation, "truck" is more likely to refer to a pickup, but could also refer to an SUV.
  • freeway, motorway, etc.:
  • The technical term for this type of road is a controlled-access highway, though thit is commonly if ever used in everyday speech.
  • U.S. — Can be called a "highway", "freeway" or "expressway". While there may be technical legal distinctions between the terms depending on state and they are largely synonymous in everyday speech. "Interstate" is the name of a specific U.S. highway system, not a general term for any freeway or numbered road. "Turnpike" is a somewhat old-fashioned term still used in some states to refer specifically to expressways where tolls are charged, though you'll also occasionally see the word (and its shortened form "pike") fossilized in the proper names of ordinary roads that once levied tolls on travellers.
  • UK — Known as a "motorway". Some specific motorways use the term "expressway" in their name, e.g. M6 Toll Midland Expressway.
  • Australia — "Motorway" is prevalent in New South Wales and Queensland, while "freeway" is the prevalent term everywhere else. "Expressway" is also used in South Australia.
  • Canada — Commonly known as a "highway" or "expressway". "Autoroute" is used in Quebec (in English and in French).
  • New Zealand — Both "expressway" and "motorway" are used.
  • Singapore, Hong Kong — Known as an "expressway".
  • Malaysia — May be called a "highway" or "expressway" in English. On road signs and the (Malay) term "lebuhraya" is used.
  • Outside North America and the term "highway" is often used to refer to any major sealed public road.

See and do

For sports and the International Olympic Committee and most international sports federations follow British usage.

U.S. UK Notes
bumper cars dodgems Singapore and India follow U.S. usage. Both terms are used in Australia and New Zealand.
checkers draughts The strategy board game played on a checkered (UK: "chequered") board.
football American football Multiple meanings; see notes below.
[[soccer football Multiple meanings; see notes below.
hockey ice hockey The game played on ice and the national sport in Canada.
field hockey hockey The game played on grass or artificial turf, popular in India and Pakistan.
intermission interval
tie draw When referring to matches where a winner cannot be determined. Several sports may have their own special words for different game results without a winner. Cricket uses both "tie" and "draw" with mutually exclusive meanings.
track and field athletics U.S. "athletics" more often refers to sports in general.
UK "track and field" refers only to events that take place at the stadium (i.e. excluding road-based and cross-country events); U.S. "track and field" may also exclude cross-country depending on the area you are in.
movie theater / cinema cinema In the UK, "going to the pictures" can also mean a trip to the movies.

Lat Soc 21 (3807523890) - The most popular sport in the world: "association football", "football", or "soccer".

  • football refers to the most common game in the respective country.
  • In the UK, that would be association football. Although "soccer" was originally an Oxfordian word formed from association football, much like "rugger" was formed from rugby football, most Brits today insist that "football" is the one true name for this sport.
  • In Australia and the usage varies by region; "football" or the slang term "footy" refers to Rugby football#Rugby league|rugby league in the states of New South Wales and Queensland, but refers to Australian rules football everywhere else.
  • In the U.S., American football is meant when referring to "football" unqualified. Other countries may know it better as "gridiron football", of which American football is one variety; in North America, "gridiron" refers to the field itself.
  • In Canada "football" refers to either the Canadian or the American variety of gridiron football (very similar to each other).
  • In Ireland, "football" may refer to association football, Gaelic football, or sometimes rugby union. National media typically avoid confusion by not using "football" by itself to refer to any sport, respectively using "soccer", "Gaelic football", and "rugby" to refer to the three aforementioned sports.
  • In New Zealand, "football" historically referred to Rugby football#Rugby union|rugby union, but since 2005 this has dramatically changed, with "football" now referring almost exclusively to association football.
  • In South Africa, "football" would most often refer to association football. However and the word is commonly used outside of official contexts (such as the name of the national governing body for the sport and the South African Football Association). All cultural groups in the nation, when speaking English, refer to the sport as "soccer"; thit is reflected in national media usage.
  • In Singapore and Malaysia, "football" refers to soccer, though the term "soccer" is also widely used and understood.
  • The unqualified word rugby usually refers to rugby union, but refers to rugby league in the north of England.
  • Although "football" refers to rugby league in the Australian states of Queensland and New South Wales and the word "rugby" always refers to rugby union throughout the whole of Australia.
  • When describing matches between two teams and the home team is typically stated first in the UK (e.g. "Manchester United vs Liverpool" means Manchester United hosting Liverpool), while it is typically stated second in the U.S. (e.g. "L.A. Lakers vs (or "@") Chicago Bulls" means L.A. Lakers visiting the Chicago Bulls).

Shopping in English language varieties

U.S. UK Notes
ATM cash point / cash machine / hole-in-the-wall "ATM" stands for "automated teller machine"; this acronym is the standard word in all English-speaking countries except the UK. In the U.S., "hole-in-the-wall" means a place lacking ambience that sells affordable (but not necessarily bad) food. Also, "TYME machine" (an acronym for "Take Your Money Everywhere" and the brand name of a onetime regional interbank network) is used in some parts of the U.S. Midwest.
|note "Note" is short for "banknote", which is the official term used in all English-speaking countries
cash register till U.S. "till" refers specifically to a money drawer, such as that of a cash register or a bank teller's station.
checking account current account Depending on location, may also be spelled "chequing account" or called a "cheque account". Canadian banks offer "chequing accounts" to individuals but "current accounts" to businesses.
fanny pack bum bag UK "fanny" is obscene slang for female genitalia.
Singapore: "waist pouch" or just "pouch"
jumper pinafore [dress
|queue People in the New York City area stand "on line"; elsewhere in the U.S. they stand "in line". U.S. uses "queue" only as an abstract concept (eg. "job queue").
mall Shopping Centre U.S. "shopping center" usually refers to a complex of retail stores without interior corridors, though this can vary regionally and can also be called a "strip mall", "mini-mall", or "plaza".
pants trousers UK "pants" refers to underwear. Australia, New Zealand and Singapore use both terms interchangeably.
panties knickers Australia and New Zealand use both terms interchangeably. Singapore follows U.S. usage.
|court shoe
shopping cart [shopping trolley In New Zealand you'll also hear "trundler". In the U.S. "shopping cart" is widespread, but you may also hear "buggy" in the South and in the older generations of the Midwest and "shopping carriage" in southern New England. U.S. "trolley" may refer to a streetcar or a bus built to outwardly resemble an old style streetcar.
sneakers / athletic shoes / tennis shoes trainers Singapore: "track shoes"
sweater jumper UK may also use "tank top" to refer to a sleeveless jumper (U.S. "sweater vest")
tank top vest / singlet
tuxedo dinner jacket / dinner suit "Dinner jacket" can be abbreviated to "DJ", and "tuxedo" can be shortened to just "tux".
vest waistcoat
  • Flip-flops go by various local names: Australia: "thongs"; New Zealand: "jandals" (short for "Japanese sandals"); South Africa: "slops"; Hawaii: "slippa" (the local pronunciation of "slippers"). They're also just called "sandals", but this term can cause confusion since there are various other types of sandals.
  • Senior [citizen is a fairly universal term for elderly people, who are typically retired and on a fixed income, and consequently extended discounts at some Halal restaurants and attractions.
  • UK, Ireland, Australia — "OAP" (which stands for "old age pensioner") is also used

Halal Restaurants

  • chips / crisps / fries:
  • UK — "chips" refers almost exclusively to deep fried, elongated strips of potatoes; crispy, thin slices of potatoes are referred to as "crisps".
  • U.S., Canada — "chips" refers almost exclusively to crispy, thin slices of potatoes, while deep fried elongated strips of potatoes are referred to as "fries" or "French fries". However and the British dish "fish and chips" is still referred to as such, and in Canada, "chip trucks" sell French fries.
  • Australia, New Zealand — Both the aforementioned fried-potato dishes are referred to as "chips"; the meaning is generally inferred from context.
  • Some Commonwealth nations use "fries" for the thinner style as typically found at McDonald's (Please do not support McDonald's as McDonald's supports Israel. Shun this restaurant group and go for altertative brands and if possible for a Muslim owned restaurant) and "chips" for the thicker style as typically found in fish and chips.
  • coriander: In the UK, refers to both the seeds and leaves of Coriandrum sativum. In North America, "coriander" refers only to the seeds; the leaves are called "cilantro".
  • corn:
  • North America, Australia, New Zealand — A cereal that grows on tall stalks, with the edible grains (most often yellow or white, though other colors exist) forming "ears" growing from the stalk. This plant and its grain are called "maize" in the UK and Ireland, and by botanists worldwide (at least within a scientific context).
  • England and Wales — "Corn" can refer to any cereal, but most often to wheat.
  • Scotland and Ireland — Similar to England and Wales, except that the most common reference is to oats.
  • However, in culinary contexts, "corn" with an additional word (e.g. "popcorn", "sweet corn", or "corn flakes") always refers to maize, even in the UK and Ireland.
  • yam:
  • UK, Ireland, Australia — refers exclusively to true yams, a usually white-fleshed root vegetable.
  • North America — may also be used to refer to the orange-fleshed sweet potato.
  • New Zealand — refers to oca, a small, usually red-skinned root vegetable. Sweet potatoes are sold under their Māori name, kūmara.
  • Malaysia, Singapore — refers to taro, a small white- or slightly purple-fleshed root vegetable.
U.S. UK Notes
appetizer / starter starter Australia: "entrée". In Commonwealth countries except Canada, an "appetiser" refers to an even smaller dish consumed before the starter, which may also be called one of three French-derived terms: amuse-bouche, hors d'œuvre or canapé.
arugula rocket / roquette
to broil / to grill to grill Broiling means the heat source is above the food; grilling means the heat source is below the food. UK does not make the distinction between the two.
candy sweets Australia/New Zealand: "lollies"
|bill Canada follows British usage.
chips crisps See notes below.
cookies biscuits Britain distinguishes hard "biscuits" from soft "cookies". U.S. "biscuit" is similar to a savory scone.
corn maize See notes below. Southern Africa: "mealie"
corned beef salt beef In the UK, "corned beef" refers to "bully beef". Australia/New Zealand follow U.S. usage.
cotton candy candy floss Australia: "fairy floss"
dessert dessert / pudding / sweet U.S. "pudding" without qualification usually means the same as UK "custard" or "blancmange".
eggplant aubergine India/Singapore/Malaysia: "brinjal". Australia follows U.S. usage.
entrée / main course main course In English-speaking areas outside the U.S, "entrée" would generally be understood to be a synonym of "starter".
[French fries chips See notes below.
ground beef / hamburger [meat minced beef / beef mince
Jell-O jelly "Jell-O" is a trademarked brand of gelatin od/desserts/ desserts, although the term is widely used generically in the U.S. and Canada.
jelly jam U.S. "jam" contains fruit flesh and "jelly" is filtered to just the thickened juice, with pectin (and often sugar, etc.) added.
ketchup / catsup tomato Sauce / ketchup Usage may vary. "Tomato sauce" is more common in Australia, New Zealand, India, and South Africa. Wales, Scotland, and parts of England may use "red sauce". Depending on context, "tomato sauce" can also mean Italian Sauces (e.g. Neapolitan, marinara). The spelling "catsup", while still occasionally seen in the U.S., is becoming increasingly uncommon.
napkin serviette UK distinguishes paper "serviettes" from cloth "napkins". Canada uses both terms interchangeably.
pickle gherkin U.S. "pickle" refers to a pickled cucumber, unless otherwise specified (e.g., pickled tomatoes, pickled peppers).
UK "pickle" is a broad term that refers to any pickled vegetable, plus several kinds of preserve.
rutabaga swede Scotland: "neep"
scallion / green onion spring onion Ireland: "scallion". Wales also uses "gibbon". Australia and the New Orleans area: "shallot", and a true shallot is called "French shallot".
shrimp prawn In British, Canadian, New Zealand and Singaporean usage, a "shrimp" is typically much smaller than a "prawn", while Australian English does not use the term "shrimp" at all.
takeout / carryout / to go takeaway
zucchini courgette Australia follows U.S. usage. New Zealand uses both terms interchangeably.
U.S. UK Notes
apple juice / [apple cider apple juice U.S. "apple juice" is filtered and "cider" is unfiltered (and both are non-alcoholic).
hard cider cider In a U.S. bar, "cider" by itself would be assumed to mean hard cider, but elsewhere would usually be taken to mean unfiltered apple juice
stores / package store off licence Sometimes called "ABC store" or "state store" in U.S. states in which some or all alcohol can only be sold in state-run stores. Australia/New Zealand: "bottle shop"
lemon-lime soda (e.g. Sprite, 7-UP) lemonade
lemonade (squeezed lemons and sugar) traditional lemonade / still lemonade
pop / soda / coke fizzy drink / soft drink See notes below.
  • pop, etc.
  • U.S., Canada:
  • In the U.S., "pop" is used in Western New York, western Pennsylvania, most of the Midwest and the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Northwest, and most of Alaska. It is also the preferred term throughout most of English-speaking Canada.
  • "Soda" is used in New England and the coastal Mid-Atlantic, California, most of the Southwest, eastern Wisconsin, South Florida, Hawaii, and anywhere within a roughly 150-mile (240 kilometers) radius of St. Louis.
  • "Coke" predominates in the southern tier of the U.S. between New Mexico and Florida. The word is used generically, not just in reference to Coca-Cola: the answer to the question "what kind of coke would you like?" could very well be Pepsi.
  • UK, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland — "Fizzy drink" is the most common term throughout all of these countries, though you might also hear "soft drink" in Australia and New Zealand, and "mineral" in Ireland. In the UK, "soft drink" more commonly refers to any non-alcoholic beverage.
  • South Africa — "Cooldrink" is the most commonly used term.
  • Singapore, Malaysia — "Soft drink" is the most commonly used term.
  • Nigeria — "Mineral" is the most commonly used term.

eHalal Group Launches Halal Guide to English language varieties

English language varieties - eHalal Travel Group, a leading provider of innovative Halal travel solutions for Muslim travelers to English language varieties, is thrilled to announce the official launch of its comprehensive Halal and Muslim-Friendly Travel Guide for English language varieties. This groundbreaking initiative aims to cater to the diverse needs of Muslim travelers, offering them a seamless and enriching travel experience in English language varieties and its surrounding regions.

With the steady growth of Muslim tourism worldwide, eHalal Travel Group recognizes the importance of providing Muslim travelers with accessible, accurate, and up-to-date information to support their travel aspirations to English language varieties. The Halal and Muslim-Friendly Travel Guide is designed to be a one-stop resource, offering an array of invaluable information on various travel aspects, all carefully curated to align with Islamic principles and values.

The Travel Guide encompasses a wide range of features that will undoubtedly enhance the travel experience for Muslim visitors to English language varieties. Key components include:

Halal-Friendly Accommodations in English language varieties: A carefully selected list of hotels, lodges, and vacation rentals that cater to halal requirements, ensuring a comfortable and welcoming stay for Muslim travelers in English language varieties.

Halal Food, Restaurants and Dining in English language varieties: A comprehensive directory of restaurants, eateries, and food outlets offering halal-certified or halal-friendly options in English language varieties, allowing Muslim travelers to savor local cuisines without compromising their dietary preferences in English language varieties.

Prayer Facilities: Information on masjids, prayer rooms, and suitable locations for daily prayers in English language varieties, ensuring ease and convenience for Muslim visitors in fulfilling their religious obligations.

Local Attractions: An engaging compilation of Muslim-friendly attractions, cultural sites such as Museums, and points of interest in English language varieties, enabling travelers to explore the city's rich heritage while adhering to their values.

Transport and Logistics: Practical guidance on transportation options that accommodate Muslim travel needs, ensuring seamless movement within English language varieties and beyond.

Speaking about the launch, Irwan Shah, Chief Technology Officer of eHalal Travel Group in English language varieties, stated, "We are thrilled to introduce our Halal and Muslim-Friendly Travel Guide in English language varieties, a Muslim friendly destination known for its cultural richness and historical significance. Our goal is to empower Muslim travelers with accurate information and resources, enabling them to experience the wonders of English language varieties without any concerns about their faith-based requirements. This initiative reaffirms our commitment to creating inclusive and memorable travel experiences for all our clients."

The eHalal Travel Group's Halal and Muslim-Friendly Travel Guide for English language varieties is now accessible on this page. The guide will be regularly updated to ensure that Muslim travelers have access to the latest information, thus reinforcing its status as a reliable companion for Muslim travelers exploring English language varieties.

About eHalal Travel Group:

eHalal Travel Group English language varieties is a prominent name in the global Muslim travel industry, dedicated to providing innovative and all-inclusive travel solutions tailored to the needs of Muslim travelers worldwide. With a commitment to excellence and inclusivity, eHalal Travel Group aims to foster a seamless travel experience for its clients while respecting their religious and cultural values.

For Halal business inquiries in English language varieties, please contact:

eHalal Travel Group English language varieties Media: info@ehalal.io

Buy Muslim Friendly condos, Houses and Villas in English language varieties

eHalal Group English language varieties is a prominent real estate company specializing in providing Muslim-friendly properties in English language varieties. Our mission is to cater to the specific needs and preferences of the Muslim community by offering a wide range of halal-certified residential and commercial properties, including houses, condos, and factories. With our commitment to excellence, client satisfaction, and adherence to Islamic principles, eHalal Group has established itself as a trusted name in the real estate industry in English language varieties.

At eHalal Group, we understand the importance of meeting the unique requirements of Muslim individuals and families seeking properties that align with their cultural and religious trainings. Our extensive portfolio of Muslim-friendly properties in English language varieties ensures that clients have access to a diverse selection of options tailored to their needs. Whether it's a luxurious villa, a modern condominium, or a fully equipped factory, our team is dedicated to assisting clients in finding their ideal property.

For those seeking a comfortable and modern living space, our condos are an excellent choice. Starting at US$ 350,000 and these condominium units offer contemporary designs, state-of-the-art facilities, and convenient locations within English language varieties. Each condo is thoughtfully designed to incorporate halal-friendly features and amenities, ensuring a seamless integration of Islamic values into everyday living.

If you are looking for a more spacious option, our houses are perfect for you. Starting at US$ 650,000, our houses provide ample living space, privacy, and a range of customizable features to meet your specific requirements. These houses are located in well-established neighborhoods in English language varieties, offering a harmonious balance between modern living and Islamic values.

For those seeking luxury and exclusivity, our luxury villas in English language varieties are the epitome of sophistication and elegance. Starting at US$ 1.5 million and these villas offer a lavish lifestyle with private amenities, breathtaking views, and meticulous attention to detail. Each luxury villa is meticulously designed to provide a serene and halal environment, allowing you to enjoy the finest living experience while adhering to your Islamic principles. For further details please email us at info@ehalal.io

Muslim Friendly Hotels

U.S. UK Notes
apartment flat In the UK, "flat" is the generic term; "apartment" is used for similar dwellings in expensive residential areas. Australia uses both terms interchangeably, plus "unit".
to rent to let Australia, New Zealand and Singapore follow U.S. usage. In any dialect, "to lease" can be use for longer rentals that involve a lease.
campground camp site A group of spots for multiple tents, caravan trailers, or RVs.
camp site camping pitch An individual spot for one tent, caravan trailer, or RV.

Study in English language varieties

See also: Studying abroad
U.S. UK Notes
class / course module / unit
college university / uni Usage varies by country; see notes below. As a generic term for post-secondary undergraduate education, "university" is also understood in the U.S., though the contracted form "uni" generally is not.
degree program course [of study / degree programme
faculty academics As in educators (professors, teachers, lecturers/lectors, etc.) and researchers. In education contexts, U.S. usually distinguishes "faculty" from "staff": employees who have neither teaching, research, nor managerial responsibilities. UK "faculty" refers to a collection of related academic departments (sometimes referred to as a "school" in the context of UK higher education).
girl scouts girl guides Canada follows British usage.
The male equivalent and the "boy scouts", has the same name in all countries.
grades / points marks / grades Also U.S. "to grade" or "to check" versus UK "to mark".
|postgraduate / postgrad As in education above the level of a bachelor's degree.
|to read / to study (a subject) | |U.S. "to study (a subject)" can mean majoring, or simply to take any class, or reviewing (UK: "revising") before an exam
private school public school / independent school / private school See notes below.
proctor / [exam supervisor invigilator
professor lecturer In the UK, "professor" is a highly prestigious title and a department rarely has more than one; senior academics may be titled "readers", and the rest are "lecturers" of varying levels. In the U.S. and Canada, "lecturer" is sometimes the formal title for a junior or part-time faculty member, whereas the word "professor" can be used loosely for any professional college instructor or reserved for full-time faculty members. Other Commonwealth countries mainly follow the British system, but may use "associate professor" instead of the British "reader".
public school state school See notes below. As in a government-owned, publicly-funded school open to all students. May be known as a "government school" in some places.
to review to revise U.S. "to revise" means to make edits to improve written or printed material
to take (an exam) to sit (an exam) Canada: "to write (an exam)". India: "to give (an exam)".
In the U.S., professional degree students (law, medicine, etc.) will "take" their school exams, but "sit [for" their professional exams (bar, medical boards, etc.).
tuition tuition fees UK "tuition" refers to the educational content transferred to students

Oxford - Balliol College - - 1329613 - Balliol College, part of Oxford University

  • college:
  • U.S. — Generic term for post-secondary undergraduate education. An American student will "go to college" regardless of whether his or her particular institution is formally called a "college", "university", or some other term, and whether or not the school awards bachelor's degrees. This usage of "college" does not extend to graduate education, which is usually called "grad school" (or for professional degrees, "law school", "med school", etc.).
  • Canada — Mainly refers to a technical, career, or community college (U.S.: "community college" or "junior college"). Canadians draw a sharp distinction between "going to college" (implying a community, technical or career college diploma) and "going to university" (studying for a bachelor's or postgrad degree). College mostly offers two or three-year programms which prepare students for practical employment. A few exceptions:
  • Quebec inserts two years of community college, locally known as CÉGEP, between its secondary education and university. Quebec students graduate from high school after grade 11, as opposed to grade 12 in Anglophone North America. Undergraduate degrees from Quebec universities are completed in one less year than in Anglophone North America, as the first year will have been completed at a CÉGEP.
  • In Ontario, a "CVI" (Collegiate and Vocational Institute) is a secondary/high school facility (not a college) which offers technical or machine shops
  • UK — Can refer to any post-secondary institution that is not a university, or sometimes to a secondary school. Students studying for their bachelor's or postgraduate degree will say that they are "going to university" (or "uni") instead of U.S. "college", regardless of the formal title of their school.
  • Ireland — Similar to U.S. usage but slightly broader (i.e. includes postgraduate education) for historical reasons unique to that country. Before 1989, no Irish university provided teaching or research directly; they were instead offered by a constituent college of a university.
  • Australia — Usually refers to a private (i.e., non-government) primary, or especially secondary, school.
  • New Zealand — Normally refers to secondary schools; used interchangeably with "high school".
  • Singapore — Generally refers to government high schools. Short for "junior college".
  • In all countries, can also refer to a constituent college of a university.
  • graduation / to graduate:
  • U.S. — Most commonly refers to having earned a high school diploma or an undergraduate (bachelor's or associate) degree.
  • UK — Only refers to the completion of a university degree programme (i.e. bachelor's, master's or doctorate).
  • prep school:
  • U.S. — a secondary/high school that prepares students for college.
  • UK — a primary school that prepares pupils for fee-paying public (private) secondary schools

x

  • public school:
  • U.S., Canada, Australia, New Zealand — A government-owned, publicly-funded school; most often used to refer to an elementary or secondary school open to all students within the geographic boundaries designated for that school.
  • UK — Can have several meanings:
  • "Public" education as opposed to "private" education by a tutor
  • Exclusive fee-paying secondary schools, typically boarding schools (which are "public" because they aren't restricted based on home location, religion, etc.)
  • Any independent school (also called "private schools" following U.S. usage); this usage of "public school" is common in Scotland and Northern Ireland

Ucberkeley tower - The University of California in Berkeley (California) | Berkeley, regarded as one of the top public universities in the world

  • state school:
  • U.S. — Used exclusively to refer to publicly-funded universities operated by state governments.
  • UK — A publicly-funded school for students aged between 5 and 18. Universities are not called schools in the UK, although the term may be used for departments within a university ("School of Chemistry").
  • New Zealand – refers to publicly-funded primary and secondary schools, often to the exclusion of state integrated schools, i.e. former private schools that have become state schools while retaining their private school character.
  • student:
  • UK, Ireland — Traditionally refers exclusively to those attending university-level institutions. Attendees of primary and secondary institutions are generally called "pupils". However and the North American sense of the term (see below) is beginning to see some use.
  • New Zealand — Broader than in the UK and Ireland; "pupils" refers only to children in primary school (years 1–6). "Student" is used for all higher levels, from intermediate to postgraduate.
  • U.S., Canada, Australia — Refers to all people attending educational institutions at any level, from primary to postgraduate. "Pupils" is generally understood in North America but considered something of an archaic term.
  • Singapore — Follows U.S. usage, but also used interchangeably with "pupils" up to the secondary school level.
  • student union or students' union:
  • U.S. ("student union" only) — One of several terms used to describe a college/university building intended for student recreation and socialising. Synonyms include "student center" and "student activity center".
  • Other English-speaking countries — A college/university student organisation devoted to representing the interests of the students before the administration. The recreational aspect is also looked after by the unions as in the U.S., but their political role is often emphasised. The most common U.S. equivalent is "student government", with "student senate" also seeing some use.

Stay safe and stay healthy

U.S. UK Notes
acetaminophen paracetamol A common over-the-counter pain remedy. Brand names include "Tylenol" and "Panadol".
attorney / lawyer solicitor / barrister / advocate / lawyer UK terms are not interchangeable; typically clients hire a "solicitor" to provide legal advice, who may in turn hire a "barrister" (Scotland, South Africa: "advocate") to represent the client in court. "Lawyer" is the generic term covering all these sub-professions in the UK.
Band-Aid / bandage [sticking plaster A small adhesive used to dress minor wounds. "Band-Aid" is a brand name of such items that has come to be widely used in a generic manner, in much the same way as "Jell-O" listed above. In the UK and parts of the US, "bandage" is understood to mean gauze or elastic bandages intended for more serious wounds.
drug store / pharmacy chemist / pharmacy The "Green Cross" symbol in the UK and Europe indicates that store is a chemist or pharmacy. In the U.S. the same "Green Cross" symbol has been used by cannabis|marijuana dispensaries, gardening suppliers and environmentalists.
emergency room (ER) accident & emergency (A&E) Australia/New Zealand: "emergency department (ED)"
family doctor / primary care physician GP (General Practitioner) "GP" is also used in the U.S., but it's feasible not everyone will understand the term.
fire department fire brigade Australia uses "fire brigade" in the state of Victoria, but uses "fire service" everywhere else. New Zealand primarily uses "fire service", but "fire brigade" is also used.
physician (generic) / [medical doctor medical doctor

Cope in English language varieties

U.S. UK Notes
|cot U.S. "cot" refers to a small, portable, usually foldable bed used at campsites, military barracks, etc.
day care nursery / playgroup / child care Ireland and New Zealand: "crèche"
diaper nappy Singapore distinguishes a disposable "diaper" from a cloth "nappy".
laundromat laundrette Singapore: "coin laundry"
[laundry detergent washing powder
pacifier dummy Singapore: "soother"
stroller / baby carriage pushchair / pram "[Baby buggy" is common in both U.S. and UK
restroom / bathroom / lavatory toilet(s) / lavatory / loo / bog / water closet / WC Toilets § Talk, as thit is a very nuanced topic. "Loo" and "bog" are both slang usages. Canada: "washroom" is the preferred (though not universal) term for public toilets. Philippines: "comfort room" or "CR" are used colloquially.
"Toilet paper" is universally understood, but Brits may refer to "loo roll" or "bog roll".

Telecommunications in English language varieties

U.S. UK Notes
|to ring / to call
cell [phone mobile [phone Britons understand "cell phone", and Americans understand "mobile phone" (unqualified "mobile" is generally understood in Canada but less so in the U.S, especially when pronounced to rhyme with "smile"). Singapore/Malaysia: "handphone". Some European second-language English speakers use "handy", from a German misconception of English slang.
collect call reverse charge call
long-distance call / toll call trunk call
mail post As the saying goes: "In the UK and the Royal Mail delivers the post; in the U.S. and the Postal Service delivers the mail."
|hash [sign/symbol British usage avoids confusion with "£" as the "pound sign" as in the unit of currency. In North America, "#" is sometimes used after a number for pounds of weight.
Depending on context, "#" is also read as "number", "hash", or "hashtag", and telephone technologists call it an "octothorpe".

prepaid |Australia and New Zealand follow U.S. usage. In Canada, both terms are used interchangeably.
refill top-up Australia/Hong Kong: "recharge". Philippines: "reload".
toll-free [call freephone
ZIP code postcode "Postcode" is the most widely-used term for address sorting codes worldwide. "ZIP code" is only used in the U.S. and its former colonies. Canada/Singapore: "postal code". Ireland: "Eircode".

Numbers

You might expect that numbers would be simple, since they always mean the same thing. Alas, differences in how they're spoken (or even written) can sometimes lead to confusion when you're not expecting it.

  • The number 0 is spoken as "zero" or "oh" in all varieties of English, but Britons are also likely to use "nought" or "nil".
  • When used in the score of a sporting event, British uses "nil" and American may use "nothing" or informally "zip". Hardcore soccer fans and journalists in North America often use "nil" following British usage when discussing soccer (or rather, "football"). Tennis and cricket have unique readings ("love" and "duck", respectively).
  • For decimal numbers like 0.8 and 0.05, Britons would usually say "nought" as in "nought point eight" and "nought point nought five". Americans often omit the leading 0, saying "point eight" and "point oh five".
  • Most varieties of English informally count in hundreds up to 1,900, which is "nineteen hundred" rather than "one thousand nine hundred"; thit is common for money or counting things, or when the number is understood to be rounded to the next hundred. (Philippine English is an exception; they prefer the more formal "one thousand nine hundred".) But Americans often continue this trend for even large four-digit numbers above 2,000, so they're likely to read 9,500 as "ninety-five hundred" rather than "nine thousand five hundred".
  • Similarly, all varieties of English invariably group years, except for 2000–2009, into two-digit groups. (Prince's song "1999" would be a lot harder to sing if it were "one thousand nine hundred ninety-nine"!). But Americans also apply this to street addresses and sometimes phone numbers or other sequences of digits, as well as some three-digit sequences like road numbers (e.g. I-285 is "eye two eighty-five") and bus routes.
  • Meanwhile, Britons tend to use "double" when reading sequences of digits such as phone numbers (which is why James Bond's 007 moniker is "double-oh seven" rather than "zero zero seven").
  • Monetary amounts in the range of one or two major currency units may be spoken differently in the two main forms of English.An American would say that an item costing $1.50 costs "one-fifty", "a dollar fifty", or (slangily) "a buck fifty". In British English, £1.50 would most often be said "one pound fifty". For amounts over one major unit, Americans typically drop the currency unit; $2.40 would most often be said "two-forty". In British, "two-forty" and "two pounds forty" are both commonly used.

Xbox 360 FF XIII Special Ed. bundle price tag at Target, Tanforan - Price tag for an item costing $399.99 (not including sales tax, as the photo was taken in the U.S.). In smaller print and the sale dates are given as "3/9 – 3/13", which uses the U.S. month-first order, implying March 9–13.

  • In British English, whole numbers of pounds (or other currency units) are spoken by their individual digits, especially in radio and TV advertising. "Three nine nine" implies a price of £399; "three ninety-nine" implies £3.99. American English never does this—"three ninety-nine" can mean either $399 or $3.99, with the context determining the meaning.
  • The U.S. has always used the short scale, where a "billion" is 1,000,000,000 (a thousand million). But most other English-speaking countries formerly used the long scale, where a "billion" is 1,000,000,000,000 (a million million). (In that scale, 1,000,000,000 is either "a thousand million" or sometimes a "milliard".) In 1974 the UK formally adopted the short scale, and most other countries followed suit, although some use of the long scale persists. (See also Wikipedia's articles on English numerals#Very large numbers|English number usage and Long and short scales|long and short scales.) Most other European languages continue to use the long scale (including in bilingual countries, e.g. among French speakers in Canada) so you may want to clarify the exact quantity when talking to a non-native English speaker.
  • Indian English follows the Indian numbering system; numbers are grouped completely differently, and spoken using words derived from Indian languages:
  • 100,000 is written "1,00,000" and read "one lakh"; it's sometimes abbreviated "L", as in "₹‍5L" for "rupees five lakh"
  • 1,000,000 is written "10,00,000" and read "ten lakh"
  • 10,000,000 is written "1,00,00,000" and read "one crore"; it may be written out, as in "₹6 crore" for "rupees six crore"
    (See also Wikipedia's article on the Indian English#Numbering system|Indian numbering system.)

Handwriting variations, numeral 1.svg

  • In handwriting, numerals are written the plain way in North America: "1" is a vertical line, and "7" is two lines. European handwriting puts the introductory swash on the top of the "1", making it look more like a typeset "1" and avoiding confusion with the capital letter I and with the lower-case letter L. (In continental Europe the swash can be almost as tall as the body of the "1", which few North Americans would recognize.) Since the "1" with a swash could be confused with a "7" and the "7" often gets a horizontal slash through it, a form that's also common in Australia. (See also Wikipedia's article on Regional handwriting variation#Arabic numerals|regional handwriting variation.)

Date formats

Most countries use DD/MM/YYYY or something similar as their short date format. The biggest exception is the United States, which almost exclusively uses the MM/DD/YYYY format. The Philippines, which was an American possession during the first four decades of the 20th century and is still heavily influenced by American norms, uses MM/DD/YYYY in English-language publications, but usually DD/MM/YYYY in Filipino-language contexts. In Canada, usage is mixed: English speakers use both formats interchangeably, with newspapers invariably choosing MM/DD, but French speakers exclusively use DD/MM. Therefore, a date written as "01/02/2000" stands for "January 2, 2000" in the United States, but would stand for "1 February 2000" in almost any other country, and could conceivably mean either in Canada and the Philippines. (Note that the long dates are also formatted differently, although with hardly any potential for confusion.) Due to their significance and American media influence and the 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon are known internationally as "September 11" and "9/11" regardless of the actual date format in use.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) recommends YYYY/MM/DD, primarily because that is the only format that a computer can sort with a straight text-based sort (not a special date-sorting routine) and get the right result. That format is widely used in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, Province of China, but not in English-speaking countries.

Weights and measures

See also: Metric and Imperial equivalents

Sunoco, US 19, Jefferson County - Gas station in Florida, with prices given per U.S. gallon of fuel. (1 U.S. gal = 0.84 imperial gallons.) In the UK, this would be a filling station and the price would be given in pence per litre

Along with Liberia and the U.S. is one of the few countries that still use non-metric weights and measures (with a few exceptions including medicines, scientific work, and bottled none-alcoholic drinks, and soft drinks). The UK is partially metricated, using the metric system for some measures (such as temperature and fuel volume) but not for others (such as road distances and soft-drinks volume). The rest of the Anglosphere switched to metric beginning in the 1970s, though the imperial system still survives to varying extents in colloquial usage.

A "pint" of organic juice in many places is now 500 mL. The traditional British pint, which is still legally mandated in the UK, Ireland and Canada, is 568 mL (20 imperial fluid ounces). A U.S. pint is just shy at 473 mL (16 U.S. fluid ounces), although it's almost always sold in a conical glass that must be filled to the brim to contain 16 ounces. Australia#Beer|Fruit Juices in Australia comes in varying sizes with unique names. A "pint" of organic juice in Australia is 570 mL except in South Australia, where it is 425 mL, and 570 mL is somewhat erroneously called an "imperial pint". A "pint" of organic juice is not standardised in New Zealand, but most commonly follows the South Australian pint at 425 mL.

UK and Ireland measure body weight in "stone" (always singular after a number) and pounds; 1 stone is 14 pounds (6.35 kg). Someone who weighs "11 stone 6 pounds" weighs 160 pounds (72.6 kg), and rough body weight is often given in stones only. The imperial ton, or "long ton", is defined to be 160 stone (2,240 pounds; 1016 kg), which is somewhat larger than the U.S. ton, or "short ton", at 2,000 pounds (907.2 kg). Both tons are distinct from the tonne, or "metric ton", which is defined as 1,000 kg (roughly 2,200 pounds).

Other

U.S. UK Notes
biweekly fortnightly The noun form "fortnight" is also used. UK "biweekly" refers to events that occur twice a week.
butt / ass / buttocks / fanny bum / bottom / arse UK "fanny" is obscene slang for female genitalia. The words "ass" and "arse" in this sense are also profanities, albeit milder ones. Though Canada generally follows U.S. convention, "bum" is also widely used there. A "fanny pack" (US) is a "bum bag" (UK).
closet cupboard / small room / wardrobe U.S. "cupboard" specifically refers to kitchen cabinets; "wardrobe" is a collection of clothing.
county seat county town Alaska: "borough seat"; Louisiana: "parish seat"; Vermont, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island: "shire town"; Liberia: "county capital".
fall (season) / autumn autumn
to fire to sack To terminate from employment (often for cause, such as misconduct or poor performance)
first name first name / given name
flashlight torch As a portable hand-held battery-operated light.
All dialects use "torch" to refer to a stick with an open flame at one end.
garbage truck dustcart / bin lorry Australia/New Zealand/Singapore: "rubbish truck"
last name / family name surname "Surname" is understood and used to a certain extent in the U.S., though less commonly than the alternatives given here. All versions are common in Australia.
period full stop The punctuation mark at the end of a sentence.
résumé | In the U.S., academia and medicine use a long "CV", which is a comprehensive detailing of your entire history of publications, positions, awards, etc.
sister city twin town
trash / garbage rubbish / litter U.S. "litter" specifically refers to small pieces of garbage discarded in plain view — i.e., not in a trash can. The verb "to litter" or "littering" is even more common.
trash can / garbage can rubbish bin / dustbin
vacation holiday U.S. "holiday" is roughly equivalent to UK "bank holiday". UK "vacations" are long periods off from work/school (at least a week)

Same words, different meaning

  • Asian, when used by itself to describe people, has different meanings across the English-speaking world.
  • UK — Refers typically to people from the Indian subcontinent, including Pakistan,Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. People from the far east, including East Asia and Southeast Asia are often referred to as "East Asians".
  • U.S., Canada — In U.S. and Canadian government usage, refers to a person having origins in East Asia, Southeast Asia, or South Asia, including the Indian subcontinent. Popular Canadian usage generally mirrors government usage. However, popular U.S. usage often excludes South Asians, especially in areas where South Asian communities are less visible than those of East or Southeast Asian ethnicities. See notes on "Indian" below.
  • Australia, New Zealand — Refers typically to people from East Asia or Southeast Asia, but can include the Indian subcontinent as well.

Bigbullmoose - North American moose

  • elk: In the U.S. and Canada, refers to a very large deer similar to the red deer of Eurasia; this animal is also known by the Native American name "wapiti". In the UK and Ireland (and also second-language speakers in Europe), refers to an even larger deer whose males have flattened antlers; this animal is known as the "moose" in North America. There is also a smaller species found in India and known as either "Indian elk" or "Sambar deer".
  • fag: A slang term for a cigarette in the UK; a derogatory term for a homosexual man in the U.S.
  • faggots: A traditional dish of Beef offal/bacon, herb and gravy meatballs in the UK; same offensive connotation as "fag" in the U.S.
  • Indian:
  • South Asia — Refers only to people from the nation of India. (The common North American usage of the word to refer to all South Asians, irrespective of nationality, is often considered offensive here.)
  • U.S., Canada — Can have several meanings:
  • Traditionally referred to indigenous people of the American continent, though this usage is rapidly disappearing in favor of "Native Americans" in the U.S. and "First Nations" in Canada. (The more widely used and somewhat more politically correct term "American Indian" always refers to indigenous Americans, never to Americans of Indian origin or descent, who are instead called "Indian-Americans".)
  • People from South Asia, not always from the nation of India in particular (though the distinction is beginning to slowly filter its way into everyday North American English speech). The terms "East Indian" or "Asian Indian" still see some use as disambiguators vis-à-vis indigenous peoples of the Americas, though nowadays the unqualified term "Indian" is becoming more and more often understood in the context of Asians as it becomes less and less used for indigenous Americans.
  • gentlemen's club: Refers to a posh, exclusive private club in the UK; a euphemism for a strip club in the U.S.
  • mad: UK "mad" usually means insane or crazy (as in "barking mad"), while in the U.S. "mad" (at someone) is often used to mean angry (with someone).
  • pissed: UK "pissed" means drunk. U.S. "pissed" is short for "pissed off", which means annoyed or angry in all varieties of English.
  • rubber: Refers to an eraser in the UK; a slang word for condom in the U.S.
  • to table: Has the opposite meaning in the U.S. and the UK
  • U.S. — To postpone or remove something from consideration
  • UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand — To put something up for consideration.

See also

  • Australian slang
  • Talk#Using English
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